Hydraulic pump



Jan. 10, 1939. J. PAUL HYDRAULIC PUMP Filed Aug. e, 193e 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 5E r ATTORNEY.

Jan. 10, 1939. J, PAUL 2,143,208

HYDRAULIC PUMP Filed Aug. 6, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTORNEY.

Patented Jan. 1o, 1939 N UMTEDY STATES PATENT OFFICE amarte mamme PUMP Application August 8, 1936, Serial No. 94,605 6 Claims. (Cl. 103-147) 'I'his invention relates to double acting pumps and has special reference to that type of such a pump operated by fluid as a power means and particularly adapted for deep well pumping, and '5 having a minimum of moving parts therein.

Another object of the invention is to provide a simple reversing valve head for a pump of this type.

A further object of the invention is to provide a novel and eicient form of piston packing especially adapted for use in high pressure service.

Still other objects and advantages of the invention will appear in the following descriptio thereof. Referring now to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this application, and wherein like reference characters indicate like parts:

Figure 1 is a broken central vertical cross-sectional view of one embodiment of my improved deep well pump, partly in elevation.

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the port disc. Figure 3 is a central vertical sectional view of one of the suction valves in the foot of the pump. Figure 4 is a transverse section on the line 4,-4, Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a transverse section on the line 5 5, Figure 1.

Figure 6 is a top plan view of the oscillatory valve cap in the valve head. Figure 7 is aj central vertical section of Figure 6, at right angles to that shown in Figure 1.

Figure 8 is a top plan View of the port disc directly beneath the oscillatory valve cap, and showing the pump cylinder in section. Figure 9 is a top plan view of the wingpilot piston valve and stem within the head.

Figure 10 is a transverse section on the line IU-ID of Figure 1.

Figure 11 is an enlarged cross sectional view of the improved piston packing. I

Figure 12 is an enlarged central sectional view of the reversing valve head taken at right angles to that shown in Figure 1.

Figure 13 is a section on the line I3I3, Figure 12.

Figure 14 is a transverse section on the line I4, I4, Figure 12.

Figure 15 is a bottom plan view of the valve head as illustrated in Figure 12, showing the pump cylinder in section.

Figure 16 is a perspective view of the reversing core valve.

Figure 17 is a similar view of the opposite side of the core valve. In the drawings I represents the extreme lower ena or foot of the pump, the lower portion of which is divided as by the central wall 2 into two separate like compartments or chambers, as indicated at 3 3; there being installed within the wall I of each compartment preferably two com- 5 mon check valves 4. The upper portion of this foot portion of the pump is provided with an inwardly extending bearing 5 for the lower end of thepiston rod 6 of the pump, and in which the piston rod oscillates when the pump is in action. 10 Through the upper wall portion l are two radially disposed ports 8 and 9 leading from the chamber 3 therebelow into the main cylinder I0, it being here illustrated as an integral part.and continuation of the foot portion of the pump, though ob- 15 viously it may be otherwise assembled. This cylinder portion of the pump may be of any length desired, and is divided radially into a plurality of sector-shaped chambers I I, I2 and IJ by the similarly shaped division walls I4 ancl- I5, the latter 20 having located therein the chamber I3 which is closed at the bottom and open at the top and provided With a series of check valves indicated at i0 upon the opposite inner walls thereof, and which valves operate alternately by the action of 25 the pump piston as it is oscillated to discharge into the chamber I3 the pumped fluid, and from which chamber the iluid travels upwardly through the port 43 in the valve head. The wall I4 answers only as a division between the chambers 30 II and I2, the upper end of this wall being tapered or chamfered upon opposite sides as indicated at I6 for alternate communication with the ports I'I and I8 in the reversing valve head, the body portion of which is indicated at I9. The 35 lower face of the valve head forms the upper terminus of the pump cylinder I0, and I have shown the inner wall of the cylinder I0 as being stepped as at 20. There is also provided an upstanding dowel pin 2l in the upper fiat fa'ce 40 of the Wall I4 for registration with the hole 22 within the lower face of the valve head assembly, to avoid error in the assembling of these parts.

The piston here employed is of the oscillating 45 type, having diametrically opposite wings illustrated at 23 and 24 integrally formed .upon the piston rod B and which is automatically oscillated by the pressure of the power iluid, which forces the wings 23 and 24 from side to side within their 50 respective chambers II and I2, as hereinafter described.

The tight frictional engagement of the outer surface of the sector-shaped piston wings is accomplished by means oi a novel form oi packing 55 strip illustrated at 25 and which has a e shaped outer edge 26 constantly scraping the innerwall of the cylinder i when operated in either direction by virtue of the pressure of the liquid constantly urging the packing to such close and tight union with the cylinder wall. A normal pressure outwardly against the cylinder wall by these packing strips is maintained with any suitable number of expansive helical springs indicated at 21 and seated within the 23 and 24. Packing strips 28 are also provided within the innermost arcuate surfaces of the walls i4 and I 5 and are similarly pressed outwardly towards the piston rod 8.- l

The valve head comprises the body portion t9, previously described as being stationery in respect to the cylinder I0, and an oscillatory valve core 29 operative within the axial bore of the body portion I9. Within this body portion and spaced some distance above the lower iace thereof is installed a ball bearing 30, directly below which the piston rod 6 is stepped or reduced in size and which reduced portion 3i extends upwardly through the valve head, the functioning of which will be described later. The ball bearing 30 resting upon the annular shoulder within the bore of the body portion i9 acts as a. thrust i`= -fz for the core 29 and upon which it is readily rotated. The body portion i8 of the valve head is chamfered as at 32 about a irustro-conically shaped-central bearing portion 33, except in respect to the radial wall 3d carrying the dowel pin hole 22 previously described, and in the lower face of this body portion I9 are the ports ii and I 8 upon opposite sides of the Ywall 34 (see Figs. 14 and 15) and which ports extend upwardly and circumferentially within the wall of the body portionY I9 and circlnnferentially towards each other as illustrated in Figure 14 where they are considerably elongated and terminate in the passageways 35 and 36 respectively through the bore wall for communication alternately with a similarly shaped port 31 in the oscillatory core 29 of the valve head. Upon the side of the core 2S) opposite the port 3'I is a cut-away portion indicated at 38 forming an arcuately shaped chamber communicating at all times alternately through the psageways 39 and d0 in the bore wall with the arcuatelyshaped discharge ports 4I and d2 which terminate at their lower ends in the single port B3 through the bottom of the valve head and which passageways 39 and do are alternately opened and closed by the oscillation of the core simultaneously with the alternation of the opening and closing of communication through the ports 35 and 36 in the body portion I9 of the valve head which discharge through the arcuately shaped openings designated by similar numbers 4i and 42 through the upper end of the valve head.

0n top oi the valve head body portion i9 is installed the semi-circularly shaped port block or disc 44 which carries centrally thereof the roller bearing 45 for the upper portion d6 of the valve core 29. 0n either side of this roller hearing are bored holes 41 for securing the non-oscillating portions of the valve head thereto, and when the port block 44 is thus installed as shown in Figures 1 and 12 of the drawings. anarcuately shaped chamber indicated at 48 is provided, the sho upper portion of the valve head being also thus stepped. In this arcuate chamber I8 extends the radial wing piston 49 of the valve core 29. there being suitable stops not shown to properly limitthethrowofthecoresoastogovernthe aros suitable felt or other composition packing indi.

cated at 50 to prevent leakage thereabouts. It is to be understood that the action of the valve controlled portion of the power uid operating upon the wing piston 49 is solely that which oscillates the core v29.

In the port block M are'formed dlvergently disposed arcuate ports or passageways ii and 12. the upper termini I3- i3 of which are materially closer together than their discharge termini id- 78, this being to compensate for the necessarily greater throw of the wing or pilot piston 49 than the movement of the valve cap 5I, hereinafter described.-

Above this core and resting upon the roller bearing 45 is the oscillatory valve cap 5I, it being provided with opposed slots 52 in the reduced central portion thereof. These slots are for the reception of the ends of the flat transverse key 53 which is carried within a suitable slot in the extreme upper end of the stem 3l of the pump piston rod t, and thus motion is imparted to the cap 5i directly by the oscillation of the pump piston rod S and piston wings 23 and 2E. This valve cap 5i is also provided with an offset fingerlike portion 58 which depends slightly below the bottom of the body portion of the cap and has therein the passageway 60 leading from the interior of the cap to the bottom of the finger '59. This nnger at all times tightly bears, as with a groimd joint, upon the upper surface of the port block d4, and registers alternately with the upper end 'I3 of either of the port holes II or 12, such registration obviously occurring only at the terminus of the extreme throw of the pump piston.

- Thus when the port iinger 59 of the valve cap 5I is communicating with thel passageway 12, for example, the power fluid enters the chamber it on one side of the wing valve 49 and forces it to the opposite side of the chamber 48, ready to he acted upon again by the power fluid when the valve cap 5i is forced to its opposite position in communication with the port 'Il to return it again to its reverse position. Obviously, while the pamageway d is registering with one of the ports 'M or i2 the other will be disc the iiuid on the inactive side of the pilot piston i9 into the exhaust or upwardly traveling volume of liquid in the main casing of the pump.

Directly above and into the valve cap 5i is tted the holding gland 5t, itA having opposed wings through which the holding bolts 55 extend; they being the bolts that pass through the opposed holes il in the port block M and ultimately screw thrededly attached at their lower ends into the bottom of the chamber 48 in the valve head, as shown at 55. Centrally within this upper holding gland 5d is screw-threadedly installed the power uid Supply pipe 51 which is located centrally of the pipe line in which the pump is installed.

While I have illustrated the pmnp as a unit and installed in a somewhat larger portion of the pipe line composed of but two pipes, one within the other, it is to be understood that ordinarily such a.` pump is installed within a casing, not

The operation of the device is as follows:

that the pump is full of the liquid to be pmnped, either by graviiy or otherwise, and

has been assembled in proper position as illustratedwiththevalvecapil locatedsothatthe port 60 in the finger 59 is in communication with the passageway 12 in the port block 44. In this position of the valves the blades 23 and 24 oi' the pump piston would be in their farthermost clockwise position. Then assuming that power fluid under pressure (of course selectively greater than the head of the iiuid being pumped) is applied through the power supply pipe 51, it will be fed directly into the valve cap 5I and a portion of the power iiuid will flow through the passageway 60 in the linger 59 through the passageway 12 and the pilot piston 49 will be forced backwardly from its extreme clockwise to its anti-clockwise position and which will rotate the valve core 29 simultaneously, changing the communication of the port 31 in the valve core 29 with the port 35 in the valve head I9, to communication with the port 36 in the valve head I 9, which will cause the pump piston 23--24 to assume its reversed position, carrying with it, by virtue of its connection 53, the valve cap 5I which will cause the finger 59 to register with the port 1I in the port block 44, and as the pump piston wings 23-24 are thus moving it will suck iiuid through the foot valves 4 and port 9 into the chamber I2, while the opposite side 23 of the piston will simultaneously force the fluid which had on the previous stroke been drawn through the port 3 and foot valves 4 into the chamber II through the check valves 10 on that side of the pump into the discharge chamber I3 and upwardly through the port 43 and passageway 42 into the space about the valve control mechanism and within the upper portion of the main pump cylinder II), which, in this instance, I have shown as a screw threaded extension 80. such attachment being illustrated at 8| and anording means for holding the entire valve head assembly in position within the pump cylinder by impingement against the upper circumferential edge of the foot block 44, thus completing one cycle of the pump, when obviously on application of the power fluid to the opposite side of the wing piston 49 the reverse action will take place.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. A fluid driven double acting pump having an outer casing forming a cylinder for the pump. an axially disposed pipe for conducting power uid to said pump, an alternately operable piston within said casing, one face of which serves as a motor and the other face as a pump, inlet and outlet valves for the pump, ports leading to opposite power portions of said piston, a valve head within said casing, an axially rotatable valve within said valve head and controlling the ow of power iiuid to and from the motor tace of said piston, and a valve cap operable by said alternately operable motor and pump piston for control of said axially rotatable valve.

2. A fluid driven double acting pump having an outer casing forming a cylinder for the pump and an axially disposed smaller pipe for conducting power uid to said pump. an alternately operable piston within said casing, one face of which serves as a motor and the other face as a pump. inlet and outlet valves for the pump side o! said piston, ports leading to opposite power portions f said piston. an axially disposed rotatable valve within said casing and controlling the flow of power fluid to and from the motor face of said piston, and means'for control of said axially disposed rotatable valve.

3. The combination with a fluid driven double acting pump having an outer pipe forming a cylinder for the pump and conducting iiuld therefrom, an axially disposed pipe for conducting power fluid to said pump, an alternately operable piston within said pump, one face of which acts as a motor and the other face as a pump, inlet and outlet valves for the pump face of said piston, and a valve head above said piston and within said outer pipe cylinder, and valves within said head for controlling the flow of power iiuid to and from the motor face of said piston.

4. A double acting pump comprising a cylinder, a piston therein one face of which acts as a motor and another face as a pump, a valve head provided with an axial -openinghaving a pair of ports therein leading toopposite sides ot the motor face of said plstonand a port for receiving the exhaust power fluid and the uid pumped, a rotatable valve within said valve head and having a port therein alternately registrable with the ports leading to the motor face of said piston, a port block having openings therein communicating with either side of the pilot valve, and an oscillatory valve cap above the port block moved by the reclprocation of said piston and having an opening therein communicable with either of the openings in the port block whereby power fluid may move the rotatable valve and thereby cause power fluid to be "directed to opposite sides of the motor face of said piston, and valves for the inlet and outlet of fluid pumped.

5. The combination with a fluid operated power unit within a casing a portion of which serves as a cylinder, said cylinder having a piston therein one face of which serves as a motor for the unit and requires the alternate application of fluid power thereto, of a', valve head for the unit connected with the source of said fluid power and having passageways therethrough leading to opposite sides of the motgr face of said piston, a wing piston axially disposed within said valve head and controlling tlie flow of power fluid to and from the motor face of said piston, and a valve cap, operable by s 'aid motor piston, above said valve head for directing a portion of said power iluid alternately to opposite sides of said wing piston. and thereb direct said power iluid alternately to opposite `des of said motor piston.

6. A reversing valve :head for fluid operated motors having a cylinder with a piston therein requiring the alternate application of power thereto, comprising a body portion having an axial opening therein communicating with a source of fluid power and a pair of ports leading to opposite sides of said piston from vsaid central opening. a hollow oscillating valve core within said central opening and having a passageway to the center thereof and alternately registi-able with said pair of ports, a wing piston carried by said valve core, and an oscillating valve cap carried by said valve core for directing a portion of said fluid power alternately to opposite sides ot said wing piston to oscillate it and said valve core and thereby direct said power fluid to opposite sides oi' said piston.

JULIUS PAUL. 

